![]() Located on the right side of the main window, the File Settings panel can be used to filter the gallery by choosing the file types you want to work with, the minimum size and the sorting method (by name, by title or none, ascending or descending). You must use the Media Browser to add images from those libraries in order to have them synchronized with PhotoSweeper. The images included in the iPhoto, Aperture or Lightroom libraries will be marked accordingly. Naturally, you can adjust the thumbnail size, but you will also view the location of each file on your drive, the complete name, creation date, resolution and size. Here you must add the photos you want to process, and thumbnails are automatically generated. PhotoSweeper will initially display the Setup panel. PhotoSweeper is quite powerful when it comes to processing: granted, the images had small sizes, but the app was able to show the results for over 1000 files in a matter of seconds. The good news is that the marked images remain in the Box. The Box area is available at any time from any location, but the results browser deals with only one analysis at a time: if you go back to the Source area, you must start over. Each space takes its turn in the main window and the switch is smooth and streamlined. PhotoSweeper’s workflow is based on three areas: the Setup or Source, the Review board and the Box. PhotoSweeper integrates beautifully in the system: gray background for the entire application, a wood panel for the working area, rounded edges, full screen support, help messages on hover for each button, a short “PhotoSweeper Tips” tutorial that presents the most important features and an extended user guide. PhotoSweeper comes with the tools to make that happen: powerful and efficient sorting algorithms that will help you review and manage those types of pictures. The overall size and disarray can be reduced by taking care of two recurring issues: duplicate files and similar photos. Normally, you just find yourself drowning in long galleries of pictures that you don’t even remember taking. Regular image libraries usually contain a considerable amount of data that is time consuming to process from the start. PhotoSweeper will help you locate and manage those unnecessary files. Sooner or later, your drive becomes cluttered with duplicate or similar pictures that make it harder for you to find exactly what you need. ![]() Diffuse hydrothermal fluids often contain organic compounds such as hydrocarbons, lipids, and organic acids.Large photo libraries tend to become a mess even if you do your best to keep them organized. Microorganisms consuming these compounds at hydrothermal sites are so far only known from cultivation-dependent studies. To identify potential heterotrophs without prior cultivation, we combined microbial community analysis with short-term incubations using 13C-labeled acetate at two distinct hydrothermal systems. We followed cell growth and assimilation of 13C into single cells by nanoSIMS combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In 55 ☌-fluids from the Menez Gwen hydrothermal system/Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a novel epsilonproteobacterial group accounted for nearly all assimilation of acetate, representing the first aerobic acetate-consuming member of the Nautiliales. In contrast, Gammaproteobacteria dominated the 13C-acetate assimilation in incubations of 37 ☌-fluids from the back-arc hydrothermal system in the Manus Basin/Papua New Guinea. Here, 16S rRNA gene sequences were mostly related to mesophilic Marinobacter, reflecting the high content of seawater in these fluids. Our data provide first insights into the heterotrophic microbial community, catalyzing an under-investigated part of microbial carbon cycling at hydrothermal vents.Įpsilonproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, heterotrophy, 16S rRNA gene, nanoSIMS, stable isotopes Introduction The rapid growth of microorganisms upon acetate addition suggests that acetate consumers in diffuse fluids are copiotrophic opportunists, which quickly exploit their energy sources, whenever available under the spatially and temporally highly fluctuating conditions. In submarine hydrothermal systems, inorganic carbon is the primary carbon source (Shively et al., 1998 Nakagawa & Takai, 2008). However, diffuse and end-member hydrothermal fluids can also contain various organic compounds other than methane (Holm & Charlou, 2001 Rogers & Amend, 2006 Konn et al., 2009 Charlou et al., 2010 Lang et al., 2010 Reeves et al., 2014). Organic acids, lipids, and hydrocarbons are formed in the deep subsurface by serpentinization and subsequent Fischer–Tropsch-type processes under elevated temperature and pressure (Shock & Schulte, 1998 Holm & Charlou, 2001). ![]() Furthermore, simple organic compounds are formed by thermal decomposition of biomass (McCollom & Seewald, 2007), homoacetogenesis (Drake et al., 2008 Lever et al., 2010) or by the vent-associated macrofauna (Pimenov et al., 2002). ![]()
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